Electronic learning- virtual
V.R. Mirzaeian
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Machine translation is now widely used everywhere; However, its role as a language learning tool has not been confirmed, as there are concerns about its quality. However, if we compare the machine translation output with the output produced ten years ago, we see a significant ...
Read More
Background and Objectives: Machine translation is now widely used everywhere; However, its role as a language learning tool has not been confirmed, as there are concerns about its quality. However, if we compare the machine translation output with the output produced ten years ago, we see a significant improvement in its quality, especially in terms of vocabulary and grammar. Machine translation can be defined as: the process by which, using electronic devices, input can be provided from one language and output delivered in another language. When machine translation became available on smartphones, it gained universal acceptance because of its benefits such as free and easy access. In the field of education, many learners use this technology every day for various personal as well as academic purposes. These goals mainly include understanding a text that is not written in the native language or translating different texts from different languages into other languages and delivering it as homework. Machine translation can help learners gain a quick understanding of a text written in a language other than their mother tongue by producing an incomplete version. The aim of this research was to assess the quality of machine translation and its impact on students’ reading comprehension. Methods: Three types of texts were selected with varying levels of difficulty. These texts were translated once by a human translator and once by machine translation (Google Translator). Finally, six texts were obtained. The output of machine translation was evaluated and analyzed. Postgraduate students who happened to use machine translation more frequently were then randomly divided into six groups, each group reading one of these texts and answering multiple choice comprehension questions at the end of the text. The T-test was performed on the data and it was found that from the three types of texts, the two types of texts, despite having some lexical and grammatical problems, were able to compete with human translation. Findings: The data showed that the quality of machine translation is improving and has now reached a degree of quality that can be used as a tool in educational environments. Some guidelines were also given on how to use this technology in the classroom. Conclusion: This study attracts attention of language educators to MT and its use in language teaching. It suggests that language educators should be trained to use this tool to improve language learning among students. Considering that the type of text has a great impact on the quality of machine translation and very good scientific texts and very bad literary texts are machine translated, this point should also be considered in generalizing the results of this research. All three texts translated by Google were able to match the human translated text in terms of comprehension, but the number of unknown sentences in this text was more than the other two texts, which were expected to have a negative effect on students' comprehension, which was not observed. The issue of gender can also be examined to see if there is a relationship between gender and the type of reaction to machine translation or not.
Electronic learning- virtual
Kh. Abili; F. Narenji Thani; Z.S. Mostafavi
Abstract
Background and Objective:Evaluating the quality of the teaching-learning system is a process that is done to improve the quality and increase stakeholder’s satisfaction with e-learning programs, and in line with the development of university e-learning courses, attention to the evaluation of the ...
Read More
Background and Objective:Evaluating the quality of the teaching-learning system is a process that is done to improve the quality and increase stakeholder’s satisfaction with e-learning programs, and in line with the development of university e-learning courses, attention to the evaluation of the quality of these courses has become important in several ways. First, the managers and staff of these courses need continuous self-evaluation to increase the quality of the courses. Second, the identification of quality e-learning courses at the national and international levels will help to develop the horizons of activities in this field. Finally, the development of e-learning will allow more attention to customer orientation in higher education and education customers can choose the best option by identifying quality university courses. The aim of current study is the evaluation of learning-teaching system from the students’ viewpoint at the Faculty of Psychology and Education in the University of Tehran. Also, the research seeks to find the main related factors and variables with the evaluation of e-learning system. Methods: The current research is applied and descriptive-correlational and the research population included all students who were studying in the academic year 1394-95. The sample included 175 students selected by simple random sampling. In this study, after reviewing the literature about measuring quality at different context, 28 main indicators affecting quality of online teaching-learning systems are identified and after the survey of experts, the final model is designed. This model consists of training, technology, communication, evaluation, management, resource support, ethical and institutional dimensions based on Badhal Khan's model. Then, the research data were analyzed based on the questionnaires and research questions Findings: The results of the structural analysis indicated that the model is fit. Also the results revealed that the management actor had the most and the ethical factor has the least connection to the quality of teaching-learning system from the perspective of the students Conclusion: In general, the results of this study showed that in terms of desirability, students' attitudes about assessment factors in e-learning courses are at a relatively desirable level, which indicates some strengths and weaknesses of the e-learning system in the country that can provide valuable information. This provides for managers and officials of the country's higher education system to adopt principled policies and use appropriate strategies and strategies to improve and enhance the quality of dimensions, and by allocating resources and reviewing the development of appropriate standards and mechanisms for the system have proper planning and e-learning.
e-learning
N. Pouti; H. Moradimokhles; J. Heydari
Abstract
Background and Objective:In recent decades, every day we are facing new achievements in the applications of information and communication technology in the field of education and research. These new achievements have changed the expectations of education and research audiences from the level of services ...
Read More
Background and Objective:In recent decades, every day we are facing new achievements in the applications of information and communication technology in the field of education and research. These new achievements have changed the expectations of education and research audiences from the level of services provided. Today, students and professors want easy and fast access to new scientific and research resources, interaction with each other in absentia, use of technology for better teaching and understanding, and in general, access to information and communication technology and its use for effect. Most of it is teaching and learning. To meet these expectations, universities and higher education institutions must continuously evaluate and equip themselves to achieve the desired level of access to and use of information and communication technology. The purpose of this research was to study the evolutionary trend of e-readiness assessment models with the approach of e-learning. Methods: For this purpose, the studies were examined by both qualitative and quantitative approaches. In the qualitative approach, by studying the articles in this field, the observed trends in these articles are compared with each other. Findings: In the quantitative approach, the latest articles are investigated based on important parameters such as the scope of application, the type of model used, the methods of data collection and analysis, the type of transaction reviewed in the article, evaluation indicators, sources used to publish the article, geographical concentration, the outputs of the study, the types of data used. Based on the results of the qualitative approach, 4 evolutionary periods, from national and one size fits all model with top-down approach to bottom-up approach with special purpose models, are identified. In addition, results of quantitative approach indicate that infrastructure, people and service are the most important factors in electronic readiness; and national scope has been investigated more than other areas. Most studies have quantitative approach with public service orientation for citizen transactions. Also, assessment, maturity and adoption models have been the most used fundamental models in the studies. Conclusion: Comparison of the three main parameters studied in most studies, namely infrastructure, people and services, shows that the rate of infrastructure review has been decreasing and the rate of reviewing people has been increasing, and services have maintained an almost balanced rate during this period. In terms of the geographical focus of the study, the readiness assessment is in the first place in the country and then the readiness assessment is in the province or state. The basic model used for evaluation also has several approaches, the first category is related to the use of preparation models and the next category is related to maturity models. Studies have generated different outputs and have about 18 types of outputs, among which the evaluation model, evaluation framework, effective parameters, current situation, relationship of indicators, strategies and guidelines have the most frequency. In terms of the type of data collected, quantitative data had the highest multiplicity, followed by historical data and finally qualitative data. In terms of data collection methods, the questionnaire is in the first place and the interview and evaluation of the existing documents are in the next rows. In terms of data analysis, categorization, descriptive analysis and strategic analysis have the highest number
Electronic learning- virtual
F. Jafarkhani
Abstract
Background and Objectives:To motivate learners to learn, their needs for security, belonging, and respect must be met, and they must be encouraged to make cognitive and developmental choices. In many ways, the only effective way to achieve this goal is to set up an education in which all learners feel ...
Read More
Background and Objectives:To motivate learners to learn, their needs for security, belonging, and respect must be met, and they must be encouraged to make cognitive and developmental choices. In many ways, the only effective way to achieve this goal is to set up an education in which all learners feel somewhat successful. This sense of accomplishment leads to a realistic level of expectation. The feeling of success encourages the urgent need for progress and prepares success for future progress. Any method of ranking that makes learners feel defeated is irrational and destructive and damages their motivation for academic achievement. Thus, there is a need for some kind of evaluation that can help maintain motivation to be aware of the learner's strengths and weaknesses without imposing personal opinion. One of the applications of fuzzy logic is in evaluating educational functions. The expansion of fuzzy collections has extended its applications to other sciences and technologies, as it is widely used today in the fields of control, image processing, medicine, social and economic studies, and intelligence in various fields. The need for systems of measurement and evaluation that could take into account other aspects of growth as well as cognitive aspect, has been one of the challenges in education. Method and Materials: This paper, using fuzzy logic measures, evaluated the performance of the multimedia production course unit for a group of 30 female students randomly selected among Allameh Tabataba’i university students who added the course unit in their sixth semester (50 people). The scoring was implemented using MATLAB software. The results were correlated with the common scoring method by Pearson correlation (0.78), which indicated strong structural validity with the fuzzy method. Findings: The results showed that qualitative variables affecting multimedia production (subject, message design, instructional design and production skill) can be evaluated using fuzzy method possibilities. Therefore, due to the need to enhance operational and practical skills of the students in real life, it is possible to use the fuzzy system capability in instruction and evaluation so that other growth aspects of the learners such as emotional aspect, creativity or production skills will not be ignored. Conclusion: It is suggested that this method be used in the evaluation of other practical courses such as designing learning environments, web-based teaching and other skills required by student-teachers. Especially in environments where the emphasis is on the learner and the students should be aware of the strengths and weaknesses of their learning process. It also provides a platform to define evaluation rules with the consent of learners according to the analysis of their characteristics and needs. In this way, by maintaining motivation, one can hope to continue learning.
zh. Memari; E. Golchin; M. Asghari Jafarabadi
Abstract
Physical education and sports are the integral part of education in adolescence and is a useful tool that provides opportunities for real life experiences. The purpose of this study was to assess the extent of explaining and modeling method is studying physical education in primary schools that was performed ...
Read More
Physical education and sports are the integral part of education in adolescence and is a useful tool that provides opportunities for real life experiences. The purpose of this study was to assess the extent of explaining and modeling method is studying physical education in primary schools that was performed by the descriptive survey method. The population sample consisted of 100 elementary school physical education teachers in IslamShahr on 1391-1392. Research tool was researcher made questionnaire with 30 closed questions. Cronbach's alpha reliability test (Course offered in the game, 0/865, to evaluate 0/912, to compete0.61, class management 60/0 and teaching methods 0/891) was used, Which has been named and classified according to the exploratory analysis. The result showed that there is a meaningful correlation between teaching physical science factors in terms of game, teaching methods evaluation and competitions. In teaching physical science teaching by using game, teaching and completion were factors that teachers pay more attention to them, but the teacher’s class management methods has meaningful relation to students’ completion. So we can suggest our managing suggestion in this regards.
competency of teachers
A.R. Farahani; A.R. Nasr Isfahani; S.M. Sharif
Abstract
Considering that the teacher is important and the most important factor in the development of an effective qualitative education system, the present research has assessed methods of elementary school teacher’s selection. In this research, the quantitative and qualitative methods of study have been ...
Read More
Considering that the teacher is important and the most important factor in the development of an effective qualitative education system, the present research has assessed methods of elementary school teacher’s selection. In this research, the quantitative and qualitative methods of study have been utilized. The statistical population of this research includes the principals of elementary schools, experts, and teachers of teacher training center of Qom in the educational year of 2008-2009. In order to select the principals, classified sampling method was used in congruency with the size and purposeful sampling method was used to determine the experts' sample. In this regard 162 principals', 20 experts and members of the faculty's view analyzed who had a great research background. The validity of the questionnaire and the interview has been confirmed by some of the professors and PhD and M.A students. The reliability of the questionnaire has been estimated as 0.91, using Cronbach alpha. In order to analyze the results descriptively and analytically, the SPSS software was used; and the interview analysis was done through the categorization method. The results show that the subject's physical, emotional and scientific capabilities, improvement of the teacher's selection, using native forces must be taken into consideration. In this regard, using the experience of developed countries (paying attention to cultural differences) in teacher selection programs were underlined to make the reviewing, amending and developing possible. Finally, some recommendations were suggested to improve the selection of the elementary teachers.
Educational computer games
S. Khademi; N. Nouri; A. Farnoodi; H. Heydari
Abstract
It is shown that the understanding and applications of Newton’s laws are not so easy for students on the actual problems in their life. In the other hands, the physics of flight is one of the attractive and beautiful subjects for most of them. The different motions of paper plains are learned by ...
Read More
It is shown that the understanding and applications of Newton’s laws are not so easy for students on the actual problems in their life. In the other hands, the physics of flight is one of the attractive and beautiful subjects for most of them. The different motions of paper plains are learned by teaching the physics of flight. This subject is applied for teaching the concepts and applications of Newton’s laws in a circular motion. In our study 50 (boys and girls) students are participated in three separated paper plane flight workshops. They designed and made different kinds of paper planes which had special motions according to the physics’ laws. A comparison between the pre-exam and post-exam shows the increasing of the correct answers. It is shown that the workshops could have a positive influence on the understanding of the concepts and applications of Newton’s laws. So there was an enhancement on the attitude of students about physics and its applications.
competency of teachers
A. Farahani; A. Nasr-E-Esfahani; M. sharif Khalif Soltani
Abstract
Considering that teacher is important and the most important factors in the development of effect qualitative education system, the present research have assessed methods of elementary school teacher’s training. In this research, the quantitative and quality methods of study have been utilized. ...
Read More
Considering that teacher is important and the most important factors in the development of effect qualitative education system, the present research have assessed methods of elementary school teacher’s training. In this research, the quantitative and quality methods of study have been utilized. The statistical population of this research includes the principals of elementary schools, experts, and teachers of teacher training center of Qom in the educational year of 2008-2009. In order to select the principals, classified sampling method was used in congruency with the size; purposeful sampling method was used to determine the experts' sample. In this regard 162 principals', 20 experts and members of the faculty's view analyzed who had a great research background. The validity of the questionnaire and the interview has been confirmed by some of the professors and PhD and M.A students. The reliability of the questionnaire has been estimated in selection as 0.87 respectively, using the Crunbach alpha. In order to analyze the results descriptively and analytically, the SPSS software has been used; in order to analyze the interview, the categorization method has been utilized. The results show that In order to teach and train the teachers, up- to- date and implicational subjects and courses should be prepared, experienced and qualified teachers should be employed, training courses should be held, equipments should be provided in accordance with the teachers' needs to improve the generic and technical qualification of both students and teachers. In this regard, using the experience of developed countries (Paying attention to cultural differences); in teacher training programs were underlined to make the reviewing, amending and developing possible. Finally, some recommendations were suggested to improve the training of the elementary teachers.
