Teaching the design of residential architecture based on affordances

Bitaraf, S.; Kameli, M.; Saleh Sedg Poor, B.

doi:10.22061/tej.2021.6613.2421

Document Type : Original Research Paper

Authors

¹ Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran

² Department of Architecture, School of Architecture and Urban Design, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran

³ Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22061/tej.2021.6613.2421

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Due to the spatial-content development in domains of knowledge, it is necessary to pay attention to the new approaches to education by emphasizing opportunities and limitations. Therefore, in this paper providing an appropriate educational model compatible with an affordance-based approach (including environment features and physical, cultural, behavioral and perceptual characteristics of users) at different levels of teaching the design of residential complexes is desired. The research studies conducted in this regard can be examined in two subjects: teaching residential architecture and affordances. In this regard, the purpose of this paper is studying the basics of teaching architecture, with two approaches including the affordances and the optimal relationship between environment and human being in the residential space and providing an operational model in educational planning of the course in designing the residential architecture. In fact, the analysis of the basic criteria for the design of residential complexes in the field of architecture education with a focus on improving the quality of these spaces based on the dimensions of sustainability are considered in this study.
Methods: This research is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive in terms of data collection, and its type is causal-comparative. In the first phase of the research, the effective components of architectural education in the design of residential complexes were studied and collected in a qualitative and descriptive manner with the help of library and field resources and unstructured interviews with experts.Research instruments at this stage were a researcher-made questionnaire extracted from a primary model and an interview with the experts which included the following 6 components: 1- Environmental factors 2- Individual factors 3- Educational planning 4- PCK of education 5- PCK of teacher, and 6- Internal and external factors. The research was conducted in two stages with the aim of increasing the face validity (approval of the questionnaire by the experts) and the reliability of the research. The statistical population included experts and specialists in two groups of university lecturers and those involved in the design of residential architecture. The sampling method has been selected purposefully due to maintaining the principle of comprehensiveness and respecting the diversity of the community. In the second stage of the research, the variables were discovered using factor analysis tools in order to perform computational and statistical studies of the research for the purpose of explanation and prediction Then, the factors identified as affecting the residential architecture education were ranked.
Findings: Theobtained results are descriptive statistics of respondents of both sexes holding master's and doctoral degrees and working as faculty members, university lecturers and those involved in residential architecture in three age ranges of less than 40 years, between 40 to 60 years and 60 years and above. The findings showed that among all the aforementioned six components that affect the architecture education, PCK of education, and environmental factors have the most significant impact.
Conclusion: Based on the research studies conducted and the statistical results obtained, a comprehensive and operational model was developed for the educational planning of the residential architecture design course. In this pattern, TPCK and environmental components (including the design of light, the design of color, territory-oriented behaviour, ventilation, environmental equipment, security and respect for the environment) were introduced as the most effective components in residential architecture education. Also, based on the emphasis laid on the teacher-student interaction and the guidance role of the instructor and the facilitating role of the teacher in the type of the teaching method, an important feature of this model is the centrality of the aforementioned components in three dimensions of the instructor (teacher), the learner (student) and the environment.

Keywords

20.1001.1.20080441.1400.15.3.12.1

Main Subjects

Learning Environment

COPYRIGHTS
©2021 The author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, as long as the original authors and source are cited. No permission is required from the authors or the publishers.

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