Education technology -training course
M. Sheybani; N. Yaftian
Abstract
Background and Objectives: One of the fundamental difficulties in educational systems has been the academic decline of students in basic subjects such as mathematics. Various factors, such as the low level of self-directed skills of students, affect their mathematical progress. Becoming independent is ...
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Background and Objectives: One of the fundamental difficulties in educational systems has been the academic decline of students in basic subjects such as mathematics. Various factors, such as the low level of self-directed skills of students, affect their mathematical progress. Becoming independent is one of the goals of self-directed learning and the necessity of the math classroom. Most of the time, students are dependent on the teacher in math lessons and are unwilling to solve challenging problems. Cultivating independent learners who can be curious, creative and able to lead their learning is one of the main goals of any educational system. Self-directed learning can increase self-confidence, independence, learning capacity to remember material over a long period of time, and students' ability to transfer concepts and develop lifelong learning skills in themselves. Active teaching methods can be used to improve students' self-directed learning level. One of the active teaching methods is gamification teaching. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of gamification teaching on the mathematical self-directed learning of the tenth-grade technical and professional students.Methods: The current research was conducted using semi-experimental method with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research included female students of the 10th grade of Varamin studying at technical and vocational high school, and the sample included 194 students (96 people in the experimental group and 98 people in the control group) who were selected by convenience sampling. During eight sessions, the students of the experimental group were taught some of the challenging math concepts with the help of gamification, and in the control group, the conventional and traditional method was used to teach the same math concepts. The research instrument was a mathematical self-directed questionnaire that included 15 items that measured the components of learning motivation, planning and implementation, self-monitoring and interpersonal communication. Cronbach's alpha of the math self-directed questionnaire was 0.892 and Cronbach's alpha was obtained for the components of learning motivation, planning and implementation, self-monitoring and interpersonal communication, as 0.846, 0.787, 0.735 and 0.704 respectively. For data analysis, descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution tables, mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics such as multivariate covariance analysis were used.Findings: The results of the multivariate covariance analysis test showed that teaching by gamification in the experimental group, except for the learning motivation component (F=2.648, Sig=0.105) on other components of students' mathematical self-directed including planning and implementation (9.524) =F, Sig=0.002), self-monitoring (F=10.248, Sig=0.002) and interpersonal communication (F=5.598, Sig=0.019) had a significant effect so that the average scores the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group, and also the mean of learning motivation component increased in the experimental group, but the difference was not significant.Conclusion: The results of the data analysis showed that teaching by gamification has an effect on promoting the independence and responsibility of students' learning in mathematics and on the three components of self-directed learning in mathematics. In other words, teaching by gamification had a positive effect on students' self-directed learning by creating a feeling of need to learn and accepting their role and responsibility in it. The research results showed that teaching by using games had a positive effect on their mathematical performance by increasing the level of interactive learning and creating independence in students. Teachers, authors of textbooks, planners and educational experts can benefit from the results of this research to improve and modify educational methods.
Modern Educational Approaches
N. Yaftian; M. R. Ansari
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Understanding mathematical concepts is impossible without emphasizing reasoning and takes on instrumental and procedural aspects, and can be more easily recreated if mathematics is learned as a reasoned science instead of a set of procedures. On the other hand, the goal of ...
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Background and Objectives: Understanding mathematical concepts is impossible without emphasizing reasoning and takes on instrumental and procedural aspects, and can be more easily recreated if mathematics is learned as a reasoned science instead of a set of procedures. On the other hand, the goal of any educational system is to prepare students for social life; So that they can perform their daily duties well as a citizen. In this regard, they must be able to convince themselves and others with the reasoning they present. However, students face widespread difficulties in understanding reasoning and proof in mathematics as well as in assessing their correctness. Therefore, it is important for students to evaluate the correctness and validity of mathematical reasoning and to use these reasoning to convince themselves and others and deserves further attention and research. The purpose of this research was to study the ability of 11th grade students to evaluate mathematical reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of students.. Methods:The present study was conducted by survey method.The statistical population consisted of the 11th grade students in Zanjan and the sample includes 393 boy and girl students selected by random cluster sampling from the gifted, exemplary public, Shahed and public schools and the sample was selected to include all levels of students.. The research instrument is a researcher-made test consisting of 3 problems in familiar, completely familiar and unfamiliar situations. Students were provided with some responses for each of these three situations to determine which responses can be selected to convince themselves, which ones can be chosen to convince friends, and finally which ones can be selected to get the best score. Descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square test) were used for data analysis. Findings: The findings indicated that students were not capable of evaluating mathematical reasoning and in more than 60% of cases they were particularly interested in using formal methods. Selecting the responses to persuade themselves and friends in more unfamiliar situations indicated that students paid less attentionto to accepted criteria for accepting a logical reasoning. Students' performance to get the best score from the teacher indicated that their attention to correct and incorrectsymbolic responses has increased, the form of presentation seems to be more important to them,. Although they are not able to distinguish formal proof content from the false one, they have ea better understanding for distinguishing invalid reasoning in the familiar situations. The results showed that in some cases gender influenced students' performance. Conclusion: It can be said that the current teaching method in mathematics has not had significant results in the area of reasoning and proof. Therefore, it is necessary to review the teaching methods and the content of the textbooks. The results of this research can be used by education policy makers and textbook authors to pay special attention to the situation of reasoning in mathematics textbooks by being aware of students' views on mathematical reasoning, and perhaps by changing the way textbooks are written, a fundamental step to solve difficulties. Also, by being aware of students' performance in the field of reasoning and proof, math teachers can identify the strengths and weaknesses of their students in the process of math proofs and identify their misconceptions in this field.
Modern Educational Approaches
N. Yaftian; M. Shayan
Abstract
Background and Objective:In workplaces, employees need to understand the meaning of the calculations they perform in their work environment, and in fact employers expect a desirable level of mathematical application from their employees. Education is obliged to train students as useful citizens for the ...
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Background and Objective:In workplaces, employees need to understand the meaning of the calculations they perform in their work environment, and in fact employers expect a desirable level of mathematical application from their employees. Education is obliged to train students as useful citizens for the society in proportion to the progress of science and technology. The question is whether a student, after compulsory education, is able to face everyday challenges or not. In many educational societies, this readiness and ability is called literacy, and in particular mathematical literacy. In other words, mathematical literacy includes applications of mathematics in relation to real life. Also, the National Council of Mathematics Teachers has stated that one of the most important goals of mathematics education is to make students aware of the role of mathematics and its effectiveness in life and development of thinking and reasoning; in addition, having confidence in their capacities and abilities in performing mathematical tasks and various problem-solving situations. The purpose of this study is to study the mathematical literacy of students in grade 9. Methods:The research is descriptive and survey method. The statistical population is 9th grade students of the junior high school in Najaf-Abad city and the sample consists of 266 male and female students selected randomly by cluster sampling method. The instrument for measuring is a researcher-made test based on the PISA study, which included 8 questions and included 14 questions. Student's mathematical literacy was studied in various fields and content areas using mathematical processes. The formal and content validity of the research tool was confirmed by experts in mathematical education and mathematical professors. Findings:The results showed that students did not perform well in mathematical literacy test. The findings indicate that the student's mathematical world is far from all aspects of issues, content areas, and mathematical processes with the real world. It is hoped that the results of this study will lead to a review of textbooks, teacher training and evaluation methods aimed at improving students' mathematical literacy so that students are more likely to come to the math class. Conclusion: However, for the progress and development of a society, citizens need to be dynamic and successful in their personal lives and have the ability to solve their personal problems. The expectation from a 15-year-old student is that he or she be able to make financial decisions for his or her personal purchases, for example, or that he or she be able to meet the personal needs of the profits from the purchase and sale of goods. Given that education professionals believe that students need both the components of communication skills and problem-solving ability to enter academia and the job market, and that these two are important through enhanced mathematical literacy, Addressing students' poor performance in assessing math literacy is not without merit.
Education technology -training course
N. Yaftian; A. Bashir
Abstract
The aim of this research is to evaluate the mathematical content of 7th grade math textbook from the aspect of how the content according to Anderson taxonomy of cognitive domains, concerns creativity, and finally analyzing considering the distribution of contextual problems. The method used is content ...
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The aim of this research is to evaluate the mathematical content of 7th grade math textbook from the aspect of how the content according to Anderson taxonomy of cognitive domains, concerns creativity, and finally analyzing considering the distribution of contextual problems. The method used is content analysis. The population is the 7th grade math textbook 2014-15. To validate the face and content validity of the study, views and opinions of some experts and math education teachers at university were used. For reliability, the percentage of agreement of three coders through Scott reliability coefficient formula was calculated and the reliability coefficient of 84% was obtained. The findings of this study indicate considering cognitive domains, the content has paid much attention to procedure knowledge, whereas analysis of the book according to mental processes and creativity models indicates that less attention has been paid to foster mental processes and high levels of creativity. On the aspect of contextual problems, little attention has been paid to the relationship between mathematics and the real life. It is essential that the authors and all who involved in education consider the level of thinking, age and prior knowledge of learners in preparing the contents to provide more opportunities for learners to grow in all aspects.
