The effect of digital educational game on the motivation and learning of dysgraphic students in the second grade of elementary school

Golzar Aziz, S.; Khoshneshin, Z.; Mahdavinasab, Y; Rajabi, M.

doi:10.22061/tej.2023.9332.2832

Document Type : Original Research Paper

Authors

¹ Department of Educational Technology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

² Department of Educational Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22061/tej.2023.9332.2832

Abstract

Background and Objectives: The rapid advance of smart technologies has transformed various aspects of social life and, by its very nature, has significantly changed the nature, timing, and place of learning. Digital educational games, which in turn are one of the manifestations of technological progress in the modern era, will become an important part of education in the future. In this direction, educational systems have decided to change their educational methods and are looking for answers to the question of teaching and learning methods and how to prepare learners of the digital generation for life in this culture. In order to improve and make education effective for today's digital learners, one of these methods seems to be the use of educational games as an educational strategy in educational systems, considering the characteristics and possibilities of educational games. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of the design and application of ARIAN digital educational game on the motivation and learning of dyslexic students in the second grade of elementary school.
Methods: In view of the practical purpose and method of data collection, the present research was conducted quasi-experimentally using pre-tests and post-tests. The statistical population of this research included all students with dysgraphia in the second grade of Baharestan city who studied in the academic year 2017-2018. For this research, firstly, a school in Tehran province in Baharestan city was randomly selected. Then, 32 students who met the conditions of the study were selected among the students with learning disabilities. The following instruments were used in this study: 1. A teacher-made test to investigate the effects of games on learning of dyslexic students 2. Harter's academic motivation questionnaire to measure students' academic motivation 3. Clinical interviews with teachers 4. Spelling disorder test to select a sample of dyslexic Then, according to the pretest, the students were divided into two experimental group and a control group.
Findings: After collecting statistical data from the pretest, posttest, and learning and motivation test, the data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software in two parts: descriptive statistics (mean, median, mode, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (variance and covariance analysis). The results of the covariance analysis of the effect of the pretest on the total academic motivation score show that there was a statistical difference between the mean academic motivation score of the dyslexic students in the experimental group and the control group. The results of the covariance analysis of the effect of the pretest on the total learning score also showed that there was a statistical difference between the average learning score of the dyslexic students in the experimental group and the control group.
Conclusion: The results of the research showed that the use of educational game is effective in motivating (P<0. 01) and learning (P<0. 01) students with dysgraphia in the second grade. ARIAN digital educational game was able to significantly increase students' motivation and learning due to its features such as purposefulness and attention to students' needs, providing immediate feedback, providing suitable opportunities for trial and error and turning a negative and stressful atmosphere into an atmosphere full of trust and motivation, using communication channels such as text, speech, image, music and movement in education, the activeness of students in the learning process, the student-centeredness of the teaching and learning process and the use of multiple senses, it was able to significantly increase the motivation and learning of students.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Educational computer games

COPYRIGHTS
© 2024 The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)

References

[1] Mahjor S. [Game psychology]. Tehran: Virayesh Publications. [In Persian]

[2] ZareNejad H, Keykha A. [Game therapy and its role in reducing dictation disorders]. The 5th International Conference on Psychology. Educational Sciences and Lifestyle. 2017. [In Persian]

[3] khondi M. [Computer games and religious education]. Religion and Communication Quarterly. 2008; 34. [In Persian]

[4] Gholipour S, Shirzad N, Dehghan L, Hosseini K. [Examining the role of educational and classroom games on the learning rate of elementary school students]. The 3rd National Conference on Strategies for Development and Promotion of Educational Sciences, Psychology, Counseling and Education in Iran, Tehran, Association for Development and Promotion of Basic Sciences and Techniques. 2015. [In Persian ]

[5] Keshmiri M. [Comparison of social skills of students with learning disabilities and normal]. Education and training of exceptional children. 2009. [In Persian]

[6] Naderi E, Naraghi M. [Special learning disabilities (how to diagnose and rehabilitation methods)]. Tehran: Arsbaran Publications. 2016. [In Persian]

[7] Moradi Sh, Rezaii A, KianErsi F. [Comparing the effectiveness of direct instruction and multimedia training on spelling disorder (Dysgraphia) ]. 2012; 4 (1). [In Persian]

[8] NikSimaii L, Ajdari S. [An introduction to theories and learning disorders]. Tehran: Faranama Publications. 2017. [In Persian].

[9] Adam T, Tatnall A. Using ICT to Improve the Education of Students with Learning Disabilities. Learning to Live in the Knowledge Society. 2008; 63-70.

[10] Shohieb SM, Abd Elhady AM, Elbossaty A, Rotab E, Abdelmonem H, Elsaeed N, Mostafa H, Atef M, Tharwat M. “Let’s Play a Game! ” Serious Games for Arabic Children with Dictation Diﬀiculties. International Conference on Entertainment Computing (China) ; 2020 Nov; Xi’an, pp. 77-89.

[11] Zolmajd A, Borjali A, Ariyan S. [The effect of sand play therapy on aggressive behavior of boys]. Exceptional children (research in the field of exceptional children). 2007; 7 (2) : 155-168. [In Persian]

[12] Eslamiyeh M. [Investigating the prevalence of behavioral disorders among elementary school students in Tehran]. Research in the field of exceptional children. 2010; 27. [In Persian]

[13] Tabrizi M, Tabrizi N, Tabrizi A. [Treatment of dictation disorder]. Tehran: Faravan Publications. 2017. [In Persian]

[14] Partovi T. [Investigating the effect of computer educational games on the motivation of the academic progress of elementary school students in the seven districts of Mashhad]. Master's thesis of Islamic Azad University, Taibad branch, educational sciences - educational planning, 2017. [In Persian]

[15] Najafi M, Sarpolki B. [The effectiveness of cognitive behavioral game therapy on aggression and spelling disorder in primary school children]. Psychology of exceptional people. 2016; 6 (21). [In Persian]

[16] Qadirian S. [The effect of educational games based on cognitive processes on academic motivation and academic progress of students with special reading difficulties in Arak city in the academic year 2014-2015]. Arak University Master's thesis, Faculty of Literature and Humanities. 2016. [In Persian]

[17] Azimi I, Mousavipour S. [DICTEYAR educational multimedia production and its effectiveness on the academic progress of the second grade students with the inability to learn spelling in Arak city]. Learning Disabilities. 2014; 4 (1) : 73-88. [In Persian]

[18] Malekian F, Akhundi A. [The effect of educational multimedia in the treatment of spelling disorder of special learning students in Kermanshah city in the academic year 2007-2008]. Educational management innovations (new ideas in educational sciences) , Learning disabilities. 2010; 6 (1) : 145-162. [In Persian]

[19] Emadi R, Mohagheghi A. [Investigating the Impact of Training Dictation Software on Solving Dysgraphia of Students in Learning Disorders Treatment Centers]. Journal of Disability Studies. 2015; 5: 152-159. [In Persian]

[20] Ghasemi Afshar R. [Investigating the effectiveness of strengthening visual memory through play therapy on reducing spelling errors of students with writing disorders]. Master's thesis of Hormozgan University, Faculty of Literature and Humanities. 2014. [In Persian]

[21] Abdulahi S, Kian Erthi F, Rahimian Bogar I. [Designing a multimedia educational package with an emphasis on basic learning skills and investigating its effectiveness in reducing the symptoms of dictation disorder]. Learning disabilities. 2014; 3 (3). [In Persian]

[22] John S, Renumol V. Impact of Fine Motor Skill Development App on Handwriting Performance in Children with Dysgraphia: A Pilot Study. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Digital Technology in Education. 2018; 11-16. https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3284497.3284502

[23] Raza T, Arif H, Darvagheh S, Hajjdiab H. Interactive Mobile Application for Testing Children with Dysgraphia. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Machine Learning and Computing. 2017; 432-436

[24] El Kah A, Lakhouaja A. Developing effective educative games for Arabic children primarily dyslexics. Education and Information Technologies. 2018; 23 (6) : 2911-2930. ‎

[25] Giordano D, Maiorana F. A Mobile Web Game Approach for Improving Dysgraphia. In CSEDU (1). 2015; 328-333.

[26] Savidis A, Grammenos D, Stephanidis C. Developing inclusive e-learning and e-entertainment to effectively accommodate learning difficulties. Universal Access in the Information Society. 2007; 5 (4) : 401-419.

[27] Ren X, Wu Q, Cui N, Zhao J, Bi HY. Effectiveness of digital game-based trainings in children with neurodevelopmental disorders: A meta-analysis. Research in Developmental Disabilities. 2023 Feb 1;133: 104418.

[28] Khabiri F, Zandvanian A, Barzegar K, Jukar S, Akrami L. Investigating the Efficacy of the Game on Improving Visual Attention and Spelling Performance of Students with Special Learning Disabilities. Iranian Evolutionary and Educational Psychology Journal. 2022; 4 (3) : 478 -491.

[29] Lepper M, Corpus J, Iyenger Sh. Intrinsic Anidextrinsic Motivational Orientations in the Classroom: Age Differences and Academic Correlate. Journal of Educational Psychology. 2005; 97 (2) : 184 -196.

[30] Zahiri B, Rajabi S. [Investigating the relationship of a group of variables with the decrease in academic motivation of Persian language and literature students]. Journal Daneshvare Raftar. 2009; 16 (36) : 69-80. [In Persian]

[31] Shahim S. [Normization of Wechsler IQ scale of children in Shiraz]. Journal of Social and Human Sciences of Shiraz University. 1992; No. 13 & 14. [In Persian]

[32] Abedi MR, Sadeghi A, Rabiei M. [Normalization of Wechsler's intelligence test for four-year-old children in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province]. Psychological achievements. 2014; 22 (2) : 99-116. [In Persian]

[33] Barzegar R, (2016). [Comparison of the effectiveness of educational design based on Ganieh and Dick and Kari model on learning, memorization and academic achievement motivation]. Journal of New Educational Thoughts. 2014; 37. [In Persian]

[34] Khosravi F, Momeni Mehmoui H. [Investigating the effect of multimedia education on the improvement of spelling disorders of students with spelling disorders in the second grade of primary school]. The second national conference of psychology and behavioral sciences. Tehran, 2014. [In Persian]

[35] Benmarrakchi F, Ouherrou N, Elhammoumi O, El Kafi J. An Innovative Approach to Involve Students with Learning Disabilities in Intelligent Learning Systems. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. 2019; 36-50.

Name *

Email Address *

Affiliation *

Comments *

Security Code *

Technology of Education Journal (TEJ)

The effect of digital educational game on the motivation and learning of dysgraphic students in the second grade of elementary school

References

References

Send comment about this article

Volume 18, Issue 2 - Serial Number 70
April 2024
Pages 343-356

The effect of digital educational game on the motivation and learning of dysgraphic students in the second grade of elementary school

References

References

Send comment about this article

Volume 18, Issue 2 - Serial Number 70April 2024Pages 343-356

Volume 18, Issue 2 - Serial Number 70
April 2024
Pages 343-356