Entrepreneurship
M.S. movahedifar; M. Taghvaee Yazdi; Mohammad Salehi
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Today, the creation of shared value between institutions, organizations and businesses is one of the important factors of economic growth and business development and improving stakeholder relations. Therefore, this study aimed to design and validate a tool to measure shared ...
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Background and Objectives: Today, the creation of shared value between institutions, organizations and businesses is one of the important factors of economic growth and business development and improving stakeholder relations. Therefore, this study aimed to design and validate a tool to measure shared value creation in technology businesses with a practical purpose. The main goal of the researcher in the present study was to answer this question: what are the dimensions of the common value creation evaluation tool for technology businesses? The study further attempted to design and validate psychometrics co-value creation tools for technology businesses.Methods: The research adopted a mixed method (grounded theory). Qualitative statistical population consisted of CEOs and board members in the field of information technology and technology businesses and new technology-based businesses. Through purposeful sampling method in accordance with the law of saturation of opinions, 14 people were selected. Statistical community in the qantitative part included more than 2773 companies active in the information technology industry, which are available on the website (www.ictkey.ir) and, consequently, the same number of top and senior managers; Also, due to lack of accurate transparency of information about the statistical community and considering the sample size formula without a statistical population in terms of proportion of 408 first, second and third tier managers working in the field of technology businesses, especially in the field of IT&ICT and new areas of technology, the public and private institutions or companies in Tehran were included by simple random sampling. The primary tool was extensive study of theoretical foundations, previous research, related articles and interviews with experts, which eventually led to the design of the initial questionnaire. Then, face validity and quantitative and qualitative content were examined and its reliability was determined by Cronbach's alpha method and combined reliability with a value above 0.7. Finally, the confirmatory factor analysis of the mentioned tool was confirmed using SPSS21 and Samartpls3 software.Findings: Findings indicate that in formal and quantitative validity content, the effects score of items less than 1.5 and content validity ratio less than 0.62 and content validity index less than 0.79 were removed, which included categories such as internal and external stakeholders, mental integrity and agreements, social psychology, resources and benefits, foresight & futurism, win-win cultural feature, analysis, initiation and pioneering. The results of confirmatory factor analysis test showed that the dimensions of shared value creation include 12 dimensions describing: interactive processes, technology performance/ functionality, customer focus, sustainable value, co-creation requirements, value creation, culture, decision making, economics, value learning, Policies and rules and regulations, opportunities and indicators include 28 components such as needs assessment/needs building, participation and production of shared value, satisfaction and indexable, operation of smart tools/tools, paradigm/technological view, customer, service-based, Based on continuous processes, and model and strategy, social and legal areas, infrastructure, information acquisition and sharing, policy/governance, value generation and absorption, stimulus, benefit sharing, cultural variable, online and up-to-date proposing system, financial, optimal consumption, investors, defining and applying the concept of value, university and higher education, fostering creative manpower, protecting intellectual property, government support policies, motivating and brainstorming individuals, creation opportunities.Conclusion: In evaluating the validity of the structure, the factor load value of all items, appropriate values above 0.4, the reliability of both criteria (Cronbach's alpha, combined reliability), all dimensions above 0.7, the mean extracted variance and all dimensions greater than 0.5 were obtained and approved. Finally, the findings of this study indicated that the designed tool included 12 dimensions and 28 components that had appropriate and strong credibility and reliability and can be used to assess the joint co-creation of value in technological businesses for business excellence and development and creating a new business and economic environment.
e-learning
E. Masoumi; M. Salehi; M. Taghvaeeyazdi
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Today, given the capacity of developing economies, technological startups as start-up businesses play an important and considerable role, especially in the field of entrepreneurship. However, due to the lack of suitable platforms, both from the social perspective in terms of ...
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Background and Objectives: Today, given the capacity of developing economies, technological startups as start-up businesses play an important and considerable role, especially in the field of entrepreneurship. However, due to the lack of suitable platforms, both from the social perspective in terms of education and culture as well as from the economic perspective, they have many risks and this causes a lot of startups to have trouble in their commercialization process and eventually fail. Using entrepreneurial ecosystems at the university level is one of the approaches to effective development of startups, especially technological startups, which can provide the possibility of their effective development by recognizing the needs of the target market and considering the level of individual and collective capabilities of entrepreneurs and creating a balance between them. Thereofre, the purpose of this research is to develop university entrepreneurship ecosystems based on strengthening startups through rough set theories.Methods: The methodology of this research is hybrid and to perform it, Meta-analyses, delphi and Rough Set Collection have been used. The target population in the qualitative sector comprised of similar research studies and academic experts at the entrepreneurial level. But the target population in the quantitative sector comprised of 20 managers and deputies at various academic levels in the Golestan province. Considering the requirement of using Rough theory analysis, this amount of the statistical population is acceptable.Findings: In this study, first by screening the selected studies, 9 propositions for strengthening startups and 5 components of the entrepreneurship ecosystem at the university level were determined. Due to the confirmation of the theoretical adequacy limit based on Delphi analysis, they entered the analysis phase of Rough Set Theory. The findings in this section make it clear that the most influential propositions for strengthening startups are the existence of technological needs and the formulation of appropriate strategies. For their development in terms of entrepreneurship ecosystems at the university level, two educational / research and innovative functions should be considered as a platform for the development of startups.Conclusion: The entrepreneurs operating in the form of technological startups need to obtain the reuired data for the development of their business through collecting ecological information and paying attention to social approaches so that they can meet the technological demands by selecting a codified strategy in this area. Moreover, based on Gery Vikor’s analysis it was determined that the most influentiasl role of the university as entrepreneurship ecology is strengthening the level of educational and research functions. This means that it is necessary for the university to lead the educational level and the promotion of scientific research in the direction of entrepreneurship in the form of entrepreneurial policies announced by the president’s deputy for technology and information. As a result, the university can be turned into a platform for the formation and flourishing of entrepreneurial ideas in the form of startups. In other words, the university can be effective in creating knowledge and developing capability and specialized entrepreneurial skills and cause the individuals to obtain appropriate entrepreneurial skills in the areas of enhancing their knowledge to start their own startup business. In fact, this finding reveals that in line with its defined nature and philosophy, the university should have educational and research functions that are aimed at the formation of entrepreneurial approaches especially in higher education levels and just avoid the development of theories that are impractical. The philosophy of the existence of entrepreneurial ecosystems at the university level means that for this purpose the students’ level of knowledge can be developed and improved so that as an entrepreneurer, they can play a considerable role in today’s unstable economic environment.
TVET
A. A. elyasi; M. Salehi; R. Uosefi
Abstract
University in Technical and Vocational University Area 8 (Mazandaran, Golestan, and Semnan provinces). According to the review of the research studies in the past including Ataiee et al. (2017), the researchers in the present study concluded that applying the criteria of the entrepreneurial universities ...
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University in Technical and Vocational University Area 8 (Mazandaran, Golestan, and Semnan provinces). According to the review of the research studies in the past including Ataiee et al. (2017), the researchers in the present study concluded that applying the criteria of the entrepreneurial universities in the organizational and educational chart of universities will result in the development of the power of innovation and creativity of students and graduates to perform entrepreneurial activities; Mahdi (2015) believes that the establishment and effectiveness of the entrepreneurial university is not possible without the systematic development of entrepreneurship education and effective training of students, professors, managers and staff of the university system and strengthening the entrepreneurial characteristics of the university's human resources. Bahayani (2015) believes that the following four elements should be considered for entrepreneurship in universities: organizational structure and management style, education and research, government facilities for entrepreneurial activities, entrepreneurial culture. Also, Naderi et al. (2014) emphasizes the entrepreneurial capabilities of students in terms of independence, internal control, motivation, success, risk-taking and creativity in different stages of higher education and by presenting a model with six different dimensions, they intend to take into account the dimensions and components of the entrepreneurial university within the technical and vocational university, which is the only university in charge of higher technical and vocational education in the country, and technical and vocational colleges, as the sub-units of this university, have a history of more than 40 years of educational activity and are among the first centers of higher education in the country. In fact, by determining the dimensions and components of the entrepreneurial university, it is possible to find out whether we have achieved our desired goals or not? Methods: This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of method. The statistical population in this study is comprised of 448 individuals selected from all heads, deputies, official managers or expert officials and department heads of the technical and vocational colleges and institutes in district 8 (in Mazandaran, Golestan, and Semnan provinces). 207 individuals were chosen through applying stratified random sampling and Cochran formula. To collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire with 95 items was used. The validity and reliability of the research tools were confirmed. To analyze the data, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis tests were applied. Findings: The research findings have indicated that the entrepreneurial university in the technical and vocational university includes 6 aspects: educational and research aspects, structural and organizational aspects, human resources, social and cultural aspects, economic and financial aspects, information and communication technology, and 18 components: (educational and research), (structural, prespective, mission, strategy, management and leadership), (professors, staff, university students and graduates ), (social and cultural), (economic, financial, facilities, equipment and research contracts) and ( infrastructure, offices, centres and companies). Conclusion: From the findings, it can be concluded that in addition to identifying the dimensions and components of the entrepreneurial university, the structural and organizational aspect with the load factor of 0.950 has the most influence and the social and cultural aspect with the load factor of 0.874 has the least influence.
